The mercury barometer was invented in 1643 by an Italian named Torricelli. He closed one end of a glass tube and then filled it with mercury. The tube was then placed, open end down, in a bowl of mercury while holding the mercury in the tube with a finger. When Torricelli removed his finger with the open end below the surface in the bowl, a small amount of mercury moved into the bowl, leaving a vacuum at the top end of the tube. The mercury remaining in the tube was supported by the atmospheric pressure on the surface of the mercury in the bowl.
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