an equilibrium would be reached with as many molecules returning to the liquid state per unit of time as are leaving.
An equilibrium condition between evaporation and condensation occurs at saturation.
Saturation occurs when the processes of evaporation and condensation are in balance.
Evaporation and condensation are occurring all the time.
If the number of molecules leaving the liquid state exceeds the number returning, the water is evaporating.
If the number of molecules returning to the liquid state exceeds the number leaving, the water vapor is condensing.
If both rates are equal, saturation has occurred; that is, the relative humidity is 100 percent.
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